Sunday 27 June 2021

List out the various enzymes present in the secretions of GIT.


The various enzymes present in the secretions of GIT. 





Enzyme Name

Source

Substrates

Products

Notes (if applicable)

Aminopeptidase

Small intestine

Amino acid at amino end of peptides

Amino acids & peptides

n/a

Carboxypeptidase

Pancreatic acinar cells

Amino acid at carboxyl end of peptides

Amino acids & peptides

Activated from procarboxypeptidase by trypsin; optimum pH varies

Chymotrypsin

Pancreatic acinar cells

Proteins

Peptides

Activated from chymotrypsinogen by trypsin; optimum pH 7.8

Deoxyribonuclease

Pancreatic acinar cells

DNA

Nucleotides

n/a

Dipeptidase

Small intestine

Dipeptides

Amino acids

n/a

Elastase

Pancreatic acinar cells

Proteins

Peptides

Activated from proelastase by trypsin

Enterokinase

Small intestine

Trypsinogen

Trypsin

n/a

Gastric lipase

Stomach chief cells

Triglycerides

Fatty acids & monoglycerides

Optimum pH 4-5

Lactase

Small intestine

Lactose

Glucose & galactose

n/a

Lingual lipase

Lingual glands in tongue

Triglycerides (fats & oils) & other lipids

Fatty acids & diglycerides

Optimum pH 4.5-5.5

Maltase

Small intestine

Maltose

Glucose

n/a

Nucleosidases & phosphatases

Small intestine

Nucleotides

Nitrogenous bases, pentoses, phosphates

n/a

Pancreatic amylase

Pancreatic acinar cells

Starches

Maltose, maltotriose, α-dextrins

Optimum pH 6.7-7.0

Pancreatic lipase

Pancreatic acinar cells

Triglycerides emulsified by bile salts

Fatty acids & monoglycerides

Optimum pH 8.0

Pepsin

Stomach chief cells

Proteins

Peptides

Activated from pepsinogen by pepsin & HCl; optimum pH 1.5-1.6

Ribonuclease

Pancreatic acinar cells

RNA

Nucleotides

n/a

Sucrase

Small intestine

Sucrose

Glucose & fructose

n/a

Salivary amylase

Salivary glands

Starches

Maltose, maltotriose (trisaccharide), α-dextrins

Optimum pH 6.7-7

Trypsin

Pancreatic acinar cells

Proteins

Peptides

Activated from trypsinogen by enterokinase; optimum pH 7.8-8.7

α-Dextrinase

Small intestine

α-dextrins

Glucose

n/a

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